Abstract: In this study, the effects of replacing fishmeal (FM) with Cipangopaludina cathayensis viscera meal (CVM) on growth performance and muscle quality of Macrobrachium rosenbergii were investigated. Six isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated, with CVM replacing 0 (CVM0, control), 20% (CVM20), 40% (CVM40), 60% (CVM60), 80% (CVM80), and 100% (CVM100) of FM. A total of 396 M. rosenbergii initial weight: (0.26±0.01) g were reared in a recirculating aquaculture system for 60 days. The key findings were as follows: CVM had no significant differences in survival rate of prawns in each treatment (P>0.05). The weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) with CVM replacing 60% FM were significantly enhanced (P<0.05). However, at an 80% replacement rate (CVM80), WGR, SGR, and protein efficiency ratio (PER) decreased significantly, while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) and feed intake (FI) increased significantly (P<0.05). Substituting 20% to 80% FM with CVM significantly increased crude protein content of the prawns (P<0.05). The whole body composition (moisture, lipid, and ash) was unaffected by dietary CVM substitution (P>0.05). The total flavor amino acid and total amino acid contents in muscle were significantly higher in the CVM60 group compared to the control (P<0.05). Muscle hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, and chewiness improved significantly in the replacement group (CVM40, P<0.05), while the drip loss rate reduced significantly (P<0.05). Observations of hepatopancreatic histomorphology revealed eosinophilic staining between hepatic tubules in CVM80 group and deformation of the luminal space in CVM100 group. In summary, repacing 60% of FM with CVM improves growth performance and increase crude protein, total flavor amino acid, and total amino acid content in M. rosenbergii muscle, but high substitution rates induce structural damage in the hepatopancreas.